However, the implication of specific Gmed exercises during heavy resistance training programs has not been clearly summarized. Recommendations for Gmed strengthening have been made previously, seeming to originate from a rehabilitative standpoint based primarily on anatomical function ( 34). Therefore, the importance of unilateral Gmed strengthening has been largely discussed, and a large number of exercises that target the Gmed have received attention from researchers and practitioners ( 5, 34, 35). Furthermore, Gmed injury in competitive sport has been associated with unilateral weakness, rather than a bilateral deficit ( 47, 48). In support of this, it has been shown that athletes with stronger hip abduction (HAB) strength are less likely to be injured compared with athletes with weaker HAB ( 25). One example of a weak muscle group's ability to disrupt movement is weakness of the gluteus medius (Gmed), which may result in adverse changes in kinematics ( 15), an increased risk of injury in athletes ( 25), and decreased sport performance ( 28). Therefore, it may be useful to utilize exercises that target weakened, or potentially the weakest, muscle groups within the kinetic chain so that these muscle groups do not limit force production and velocity in multijoint movements during competition. Subsequently, an efficient movement pattern can maintain optimal kinematics up until the point where the weakest muscle cannot maintain, or contribute to, the summation of forces. Specifically, exercise selection addresses which muscles in the kinetic chain should be developed to achieve the appropriate kinematics of an exercise or movement. Selected exercises must then be harmonized with other parameters such as exercise intensity, number of repetitions, speed of contraction, rest intervals, and training history to formulate an organized resistance training program. The process of individualizing workouts is important when designing a strength training program, with exercise selection being of paramount importance.
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